System of electrical distribution.



PATENTED APR. 18, 1905.

- J. B. ENTZ.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLIOATIOI FILED APR. 23, 1904.

UNITED STATES Patented April 18, 1905.

PATENT OEEreE.

.IUSTUS B. ENTZ, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE ELECTRICSTORAGE BATTERY COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN- SYLVANIA, A CORPORA"IONOF NEIV JERSEY.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,880, dated April18, 1905.

Application filed April 23, 1904. Serial No. 204,528.

To all 1072 0117 fl mmrq/ concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUS B. ENTZ, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing at the cityof Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia andState of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful System ofElectrical Distribution, of which the following is a specification.

The obj ect of the present invention is to provide for obtaining theadvantages afforded by theuse of a storage battery in connection with analternating-current generator or generators and to this and other endshereinafter set forth the invention, stated in general terms, comprisesthe provision of means for mechanically insuring synchronism of themechanically-driven. generator and of the transforming provisions whichcooperate with the battery, whereby the frequency of the currentgenerated by the alternating generator and of the superimposedbattery-current is the same, and the invention further comprises theimprovements to be presently described and finally claimed.

The nature, characteristic features, and scope of my invention will bemore fully understood from the following description, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and inwhich Figure 1 is a view diagrammatically illustrating an installationembodying features of the invention, and Fig. 2 is a viewdiagrammatically illustrating a modification of the arrangement shown inFig. 1.

In the drawings, 1 is a generator generating alternating currents, whichfeed the working circuit 2 3, which supplies translating devices, as thetrolley-car 4, fitted with an alternatingcurrent motor 5. As shown, useis made of a transformer 6 and of leads 7.

8 is a storage battery, and 9 is the suitablydriven armature of thebooster, whose field is indicated at 10. There are transformerprovisions interposed between the battery and the working circuit, whichserve to convert direct current from the battery into alternatingcurrent and alternating current from the line into direct current, andthese provisions are mechanically integral or connected with thealternating generator, which in its turn is mechanically driven by thesuitable prime mover. (Not shown.) In Fig. 1 such transformingprovisions comprise a commutator 1 1 on the generator 1, and, as shownin Fig. 2, the transforming provisions comprise a rotary transformer 12,tied to the generator by mounting it on the gcneratorshaft. Thetransforming provisions and the alternating generator are held in synchronism, so that the frequency of the current generated by thealternating generator and of the superimposed battery-current is thesame.

As shown in Fig. 1 the same coils which generate the. alternatingcurrent also transform the direct current from the battery intoalternating current as it passes through them to the line along with thecurrent generated. Thus the frequency of the generated current and ofthe sup erimposed battery-current is the same. The overload capacity ofthe generator takes care of the extra battery-current, which p assesthrough and is simply converted into alternating current by it.

In Fig. 2 the rotary converter or transformer provisions 12 are mountedupon the same shaft, which insures synchronism.

Referring to Fig. 1, at times of light load on the circuit 2 3 thebooster 9, as is usual, causes the battery 8 to charge, and at times ofheavy load on the working circuit 2 3 the booster f) influences thebattery to discharge, whichit does by the circuit 13 14 through theeommutatorl land coils of the generator,which transform it and deliverit as alternating current to the circuit 7 7 along with and at the samefrequency as the alternating current generated. 5

The operation of the modification shown in Fig. 2 is as above described,except that there are separate coils 12 for converting thebattery-current into alternating current and feeding it by the wires orconductors 15 and 90 16. In this figure the batterycircuit is indicatedat 17 and 18. Of course a variety of devices may be employed forinfluencing the booster-field 10 to cause the battery to prop erlycharge or discharge. For the purposes 95 of explanation I have selectedfor this purpose the regulator forming the subj cot-matter of myapplication serially numbered 155,976.

19 and 20 are groups of material, as carbon, of which the electricalresistance is responsive to pressure.

2] and 21 are conductors, which supply current through both said groups.

22 is a connection extending from intermediate the groups through thefield 10 to a point midway of the battery.

23 is a solenoid interposed in the working circuit or lead 3 andconnected with the pivotal counterbalanced beam 24,which is ad apted toexert pressure on one and relieve pressure from the other of saidgroups.

Assuming that the battery is discharging and that pressure is exerted onthe group 20, thereby diminishing itsresistance and at the same timerelieving pressure on the group 19 and increasing its resistance,current passes from the middle point of the battery through the field10, through 20, through 21, and this causes the booster-voltage tochange properly or fall, so as to permit the battery to discharge. Inthe event of a light load on the working circuit the pressure on 20 isdiminished and on 19 increased. Thus the circuit is by 2]. 19 22 through10 to the middle of the battery. Thus the direction through thefield-coil 10 is reversed and the boostervoltage properly adjusted orincreased to charge the battery. Of course theextremes of regulationhave been described, but the regulation intermediate of the extremeswill be readily understood.

In this system the source or generator of altern ating current is drivenby a prime mover and the transforming provisions are mechanically tiedto or connected with. said source, so that the frequency of the currentgenerated by the source or generator and the frequency of thesuperimposed battery-current are the same.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which my inventionappertains that set forth and illustrated in the accompanying drawings;but,

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what .1.claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A system of electrical distribution comprising the combination of aworking circuit, a battery provided with a booster and its circuitconnections, a gema'ator for generating alternating current and feedingthe working circuit, a prime mover for driving the generator,transforming provisions interposed between the working eircuit andbatteryfor converting direct and alternating current to permit thebattery to charge and discharge, and means for mechanically insuringsynchronism of the generator and transfm'ming provisions whereby thefrequency of the current generated by the alternating generator and. ofthe superimposed battery-current is the san'ie, substantially asdescribed.

2. A system of electrical distribution comprising the combination of aworking circuit, a battery provided with a booster and its circuitconnection, an alternating generator feeding the working circuit and prvided with a commutator, a prime mover for driving the generator, andconnections between the commutator and battery, whereby the frequency ofthe current generated and of the superimposed battery-current is thesame, substantially as described.

In testin'iony whereof I. have hereunto signed my name.

J USTUS B. lCNlZ.

lVitnesscs:

V. J. JACKSON, K. M. GLILLIGAN.

